Kaxaita Allah shi ne mafi girman abin da mumini yake samun tsarki da shi, don haka ma Allah yake son shi, Allah ya ce, “Haqiqa Allah yana son masu tuba kuma yana son masu yin tsarki” (Albaqra : 222)
Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya ce, “Tsarki rabin imani ne” (Muslim ne ya rawaito shi)
Tsarki rabin imani ne, saboda xaya ne daga cikin manya-manyan nau’o’insa, Allah yana son tsarki gaba xayansa, da dukkan nau’o’insa, ya kasance :
Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya ce, “Tsarki rabin Imani ne” (muslim ne ya rawaito shi)1-Tsarkin voye ne : Wanda ake nufin tsarkin zuciya daga dukkan zunubai na savo da haxa Allah da wani, ta hanyar tuba ta gaskiya, da tsarkake zuciya daga dattin shirka da shakka, da hassada, da qulli, da girman kai, hakan kuma ba zai samu ba har sai an tsarkake zuciya da son alheri da haquri, da qasqantar da kai, da gaskiya, da yi don Allah.
2-Tsarkin zahiri : Abin da ake nufi da shi gusar da najasa da kari
- Gusar da najasa :
Yana kasancewa ta hanyar kawar da najasa da abin da yake da hukuncinta, daga tufafi da wuri da jiki da ruwa mai tsarki,
- Xauke Kari
Abin da ake nufi da shi, yin alwala da wanka da taimama, saboda yin sallah, ko karatun Al’qur’ani, ko xawafi ga xakin Allah, ko ambaton Allah Maxaukakin Sarki, ko wanin hakan
Kaxaita Allah (Tauhidi) yana bayyana a cikin sallah, saboda ita ce sila tsakanin bawa da Ubangijinsa, a cikinta bawa yake sanar da yiwa Ubangijinsa xa’a da so, da qasqantar da kai, da qasqantuwa, don haka ma ita ce mafi girman rukuni a musulunci bayan kalmar shahada, ita ce ginshiqin addini, hasken yaqini, a cikinta ne zuciya take samun nutsuwa, qirji yake yalwata, kuma ita ce take hana aikata munanan ayyuka, ta yi sababin kankare munanan ayyuka. Sallah wasu ayyuka ne kevantattu, da ake yi a wasu lokuta kevantattu, ana buxe su da kabbara, a rufe su da sallama.
Mai barin sallah, mai jayayya da ita, ya qaryata Allah da Manzonsa, ya yi inkarin Alqur’ani, wanda yin hakan ya sava da tushen imani. Amma wanda ya yarda sallah wajibi ce, amma ya qi yinta saboda kasala, to ya sanya kansa cikin haxari mai girma, da narkon azaba mai tsanani. Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya ce, “Tsakanin mutum da shirka da kafirci barin sallah” (Muslim ne ya rawaito shi)
Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya ce, “Sallah haske ce” (Baihaqi ne ya rawaito shi)Wasu malamai suka ce, barin sallah saboda kasala kafirci ne qarami. Ala-kullu-halin – ko da yaya zama, kafirci ne mai fitar da mutum daga musulunci, ko kuma wani babban zunubi mai halakarwa.
Tasirin Sallah yana da girma, daga cikin akwai :
1-Tana hana alfasha da abin qi, Allah Maxaukakin Sarki ya ce, “Ka karanta abin da aka yi maka wahayi daga littafi, ka tsayar da sallah. Haqiqa sallah tana hana alfasha da abin qi. Ambaton Allah shi ya fi girma. Allah yana sanin abin da kuke aikatawa”. (Al’ankabut : 45)
2-Ita ce mafificin aiki bayan kalmar shahada, saboda hadisin Abdullahi xan Mas’ud – Allah ya yarda da shi – ya ce, “Na tambayi Manzon Allah (S.A.W) wanne aiki ne ya fi? Sai ya ce, “Sallah a lokacinta” Sai ya ce, na ce, sai wanne? Sai ya ce, “Bin iyaye” Sai ya ce, na ce, “sai me kuma? Sai ya ce, “sai jihadi akan tafarkin Allah” (Muslim ne ya rawaito shi)
Ita ce mafificin abin da bawa yake kusantar Ubangijinsa da shi.
3-Sallah tana wanke zunubai, saboda hadisin Jabir xan Abdullahi – Allah ya yarda da shi – ya ce, Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya ce, “Misalin salloli biyar, kamar misali qorama ce a qofar xayanku, yana wanka a cikinta a yini sau biyar” (Muslim ne ya rawaito shi)
4-Sallah haske ce ga mai yin ta a duniya da lahira, Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya ce dangane da sallah : “Duk wanda ya kiyayeta, za ta kasance masa haske da hujja da tsira ranar alqiyama. Wanda kuwa bai kiyaye ta ba, to ba ya da haske, da dalili da hujja da tsiria, ranar alqiyama, kuma zai kasance tare da Qaruna da Fir’auna da Ubayyu xan Khalaf” (Ahmad ne ya rawaito shi)
Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya ce, “Sallah haske ce” (Baihaqi ne ya rawaito shi)
5-Allah Yana xaukaka daraja da sallah, yana kankare zunubai da ita, saboda hadisin Sauban bararren bawan Manzon Allah (S.A.W) Annabi (S.A.W) ya ce masa, “Ka yawaita sujjada (sallar nafila) don ba za ka yi wa Allah wata sujjada ba, face sai Allah ya xaukaka maka daraja da ita, ya kankare maka zunubai” (Muslim ne ya rawaito shi)
6-Sallah tana daga cikin mafi girman dalilai da suke sa a shiga Aljannah, a zauna tare da Manzon Allah (S.A.W), saboda hadisin Rabi’ah xan Ka’abu Al-aslamiy – Allah ya yarda da shi – ya ce, “Na kasance ina kwana tare da Manzon Allah (S.A.W) sai na kawo masa ruwan alwalarsa da biyan buqatarsa, sai ya ce da ni, “Tambayi abin da kake so? Sai na ce, “Ina son zama da kai a Aljannah” sai ya ce, “Kodai wani abu ba wannan ba?” sai na ce, “Shi dai nake so” Sai ya ce, “To ka taimaka min a kan buqatarka da yawan sujjada” (Muslim ne ya rawaito shi)
Sallah alaqa ce tsakanin Allah mai qarfi da bawansa mai rauni, don mai rauni ya samu qarfi, da qarfin Allah mai girma da buwaya, zuciyarsa ta ratayu da shi, ya yawaita ambatonsa. Kuma wannan shi ne mafi girma maqasudin sallah, Allah Maxaukakin Sarki ya ce, “Ka tsayar da sallah don ambatona” (Xaha : 14)
Daga cikin tsarki da havakar da zakkah take kawowa, akwai tsarkin da zuciyar bawa take samu, wanda yake sanya shi ya tsarkake dukiyarsa ya ba da zakkah. Zakkah wani haqqi ne na wajibi a cikin dukiyar mawadata, da ake ba da shi ga talakawa, da waxanda suke da hukuncinsu, saboda neman yardar Allah, da tsarkake zuciya da kyautatawa mabuqata.
Zakkah tsarki ce ga zuciya, kuma qaruwa ce ga dukiya da al’ummaZakkah tana da mahimmanci babba a musulunci, hikimar shar’anta ta tana nuna mahimmancinta, kuma duk wanda ya lura da hikimomin zai gane mahimmancin wannan rukuni mai girma da tasirinsa. Daga cikin tasirinta akwai :
1-Tsarkake zukatan mutane daga qazanta da rowa da qwauro da kwaxayi
2-Taimakawa talakawa da toshe bukatun mabuqata da marasa galihu.
3-Samar da gamammiyar maslahar wadd rayuwar al’umma ta ginu a kanta
4-Hana tattarewar dukiya a hannun mawadata da ‘yan kasuwa su kaxai, don kada dukiya ta taqaitu a wurin wasu mutane su kaxai, ko ta zama tana jujjuyawa a tsakaninsu.
5-Tana sanya al’ummar muslmi su zama kamar dangi xaya, mai iko yana tausayawa gajiyayye, mai wadata yana tausayawa maras shi.
6-Zakkah tana gusar da abin da yake cikin zuciya na jin haushin mawadata, da kawar da hassada da qulli akan abin da Allah ya yi musu na ni’imar da arziki
7-Zakka tana hana faruwar laifukan da suka shafi dukiya, kamar sata da qwace da wawaso.
8-Zakkah tana qara dukiya, ta havakata.
Dalilai a cikin Alqur’ani da sunnah masu yawa sun zo suna nuna wajabcin bayar da zakkah, kuma Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya bayyana cewa zakkah xaya ce daga cikin ginshiqan addinin musulunci mai qarfi, wanda aka gina shi a kansu, domin ita ce rukuni na uku daga cikin rukunan musulunci. Allah ya ce, “Ku tsayar da sallah, ku ba da zakkah, ku yi ruku’i da masu ruku’i” (Albaqra : 43)
Allah Maxaukakin Sarki ya ce, “Ku tsaida sallah, ku bayar da zakkah, duk abin da kuka gabatar na alheri ga kawunanku za ku same shi a wurin Allah. Lallai Allah yana ganin abin da kuke aikatawa” (Albaqra : 110)
A cikin shahararren hadisin Jibrilu nan dogo : “Musulunci shi ne ka shaida babu abin bautawa da gaskiya sai Allah, kuma Muhammadu Manzo Allah ne, ka tsaida sallah, ka ba da zakkah, ka yi azumin Ramadan, ka ziyarci xakin Allah, idan ka sami ikon zuwa gare shi. (Muslim ne ya rawaito shi)
Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya ce, “An gina musulunci a bisa abubuwa biyar, Shaidawa babu abin bautawa da gaskiya sai Allah, da tsaida sallah, da ba da zakkah, da hajji, da azumin Ramadan”. (Bukhari ne ya rawaito shi)
Irin waxannan nassosi suna nuna wa a fili cewa zakka xaya ce daga cikin rukunan musulunci, ku xaya ce daga cikin abubuwan da aka gina musulunci da su, wanda ba ya cika sai da su.
Allah ya shar’anta azumi, ya sanya shi xaya daga cikin rukunan musulunci. Azumi shi ne kamewa daga barin abin ci da sha’awa, da niyyar ibada, tun daga vullowar alfijir zuwa faxuwar rana. Allah ya ce, “Ku ci ku sha, har sai hasken alfijir ya bayyana gareku daga duhun dare. Sannan ku cika azumi zuwa dare” (Albaqra : 187)
Tabbatuwar imani a zuciyar bawa, da kaxaita Allah su ne sababin da yake sa ya kamanta abin da Allah ya wajabta masa, (na azumin Ramadan) kamar yadda Allah ya ce, “Ya ku waxanda kuka yi imani an wajabta muku azumi kamar yadda aka wajabta wa waxanda suke gabaninku, ko kwa samu taqawa” (Albaqra : 183)
Azumi makaranta ce ta gina imani a zuciya.Sai musulmi mai tauhidi ya yi farin ciki da azumin da ya yi, Allah Maxaukakin Sarki yana cewa a cikin hadisin qudusi “Dukkan aikin xan adam na shi ne, sai dai azumi, shi nawa ne, ni ne nake bada sakamakonsa” (Bukhari ne ya rawaito shi).
Tasirin azumi akan bawa yana da yawa, daga cikinsu akwai
1-Sirri ne tsakani bawa da mahaliccinsa. A cikin azumi ne gaskiyar abin da mumini yake ji a ransa na Allah na ganin shi yake bayyana. Kuma riya ba ta shiga cikin azumi a kowanne hali, don azumi yana raya tsoron Allah da kiyaye dokokinsa a cikin zuciyar mumini, wannan ko wata manufa ce babba, wadda mafi yawan mutane ba sa samunta
2-Azumi yana koyawa al’umma haxewa da dunqulewa, da son adalci da daidaito, ya sawa muminai tausayi da kyawawan halaye, kamar yadda yake kare al’umma daga sharri da lalacewa.
3-Yana sa musulmi ya riqa jin damuwar xan uwansa, sai hakan ya sa shi ya riqa bawa miskinai da faqirai taimako, sai a samu soyayya da ‘yan uwantaka tsakanin musulmi.
4-Koyarwa ce a aikace akan danne zuciya, da xaukar nauyi da wahalhalu.
5-Yana kare mutum daga faxawa cikin zunubi da savo, kuma alheri mai yawa yana samuwa a dalilinsa. Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya ce, “Azumi garkuwa ne, kada xayanku ya yi batsa, kada ya yi wauta, idan wani mutum ya ja shi da faxa ko ya tsokane shi, ya ce, ni azumi nake (sau biyu). Na rantse da wanda raina yake hannunsa, hamamin bakin mai azumi yafi qanshin almiski a wurin Allah, (Mai azumi) yana barin abincinsa da abin shan shi da sha’awarsa saboda ni, Azumi nawa ne, ni zan ba da sakamakonsa, kyakkyawa xaya sakamakonta irinta goma”. (Bukhari ne ya rawoaito shi)
Kaxaita Allah yana bayyana a cikin aikin hajji. Hajji ibada ce da take qarawa mai tauhidi kaxaitawa Allah, ya yi kwalliya da imani a cikinta. A cikin hajji ne alhaji yake shelar tauhidi, yana fara aikin hajji da cewa, “Na amsa maka ya Allah, na amsa maka, ba ka da abokin tarayya, na amsa maka ya Allah” yana faxin haka a dukkan cikin aikinsa, don ya dawo ya fita daga zunubansa kamar yadda mahaifiyarsa ta haife shi, mai tauhidi. Hajji shi ne nufatar xakin Allah mai alfarma a lokacin aikin hajji, da niyyar aikin hajji, kamar yadda ya zo daga Allah, kuma Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya aikata shi. Hajji farillah ce ta Allah a kan bayinsa, da nassosin Alqur’ani da Sunnah da haxuwar musulmi (Ijma’i)
Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya ce, “An sanya xawafi a xakin ka’abah, da safa da marwa, da jifan shaixan, don tsayar da ambaton Allah mai girma da buwaya” (Ahmad ne ya rawaiyo shi)Daga Tasirin aikin hajji a rayuwar bawa :
1-Dalili ne na kankare zunubai da laifuka, Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya ce, “Ba ka sani ba, musulunci yana rushe abin da yake gabaninsa, hijira ma tana rushe abin da yake gabaninta, hajji ma yana rushe abin da yake gabaninsa” (Muslim ne ya rawaito shi)
2-Hajji kamanta umarnin Allah ne, mai hajji yana barin iyalansa, da ‘ya’yansa, ya bar tufafinsa, yana shelar (Tauhidi) kaxaita Allah, yana mai kamanta umarnin Allah. Wannan kuma shi ne babban kamanta umarnin Allah.
3-Hajji dalili ne na samun yardar Allah, da shiga Aljannah, Manzon Allah (S.A.W) ya ce, “Hajji karvavve bai da sakamako sai Aljannah” (Bukhari ne da Muslim suka rawaito shi).
4-Hajji bayani ne a aikace na aqidar daidaito da adalci tsakanin mutane. Hakan yana bayyana ne yayin da mutane za su yi tsayuwa xaya, a filin Arafa, babu bambanci tsakaninsu a cikin wani abu daga abubuwan duniya. Tsoron Allah ne da kaxaita shi (Tauhidi) kaxai fifikon da yake tsakaninsu.
5-A cikin hajji akwai qara qarfafaa sanin juna da taimakon juna, ta yadda sanayyar juna take qarfafa, ake samun shawara da musayar ra’ayi tsakaninsu, hakan kuma akwai xaukaka matsayin jagorancin wannan al’umma da ci gabanta.
6-Hajji yana koyar da kaxaita Allah da tsarkake zuciya, abin da yake bayyana a dukkan rayuwar (Alhaji) bayan haka, saboda a aikin hajji ba wanda alhaji yake kira sai Allah, ba wanda yake kaxaitawa sai Allah.
